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The Saddam Video: Journalism or Voyeurism?

A still from Saddam's execution video prior to the act.

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Television networks and other news outlets have had their hands full this New Year's Eve as the video of Saddam's execution has emerged and producers and management are left trying to strike a balance between 'reporting the whole story' without being tasteless.

Meanwhile an execution video, recorded on a cell phone, is shown in full on Arab television stations and was uploaded in it's entirety to sites such as the Something Awful forums, the Drudge Report, YouTube and Netscape.

The question of whether to allow the video on Netscape was an interesting one for me since, as some of you know, I work there. That particular decision fell solely to the General Manager after another member uploaded the content, and he chose not to remove or censor it, stating that it "depicts violence with journalistic merit, as Saddam Hussein's execution is a historic event." The video quickly garnered over 160,000 views in less than a day's time, doubling Michael Richard's racist tirade as the most watched video ever on the site. Over at YouTube, users have flagged the video seen over 40,000 times as graphic, though administrators have chosen, as they usually do, not to not pull the content. MSNBC has reportedly served up its version of the execution nearly 3 million times on Saturday alone.

At MSNBC.com, Editor-in-chief Jennifer Sizemore notes that while some footage of Saddam is shown "There is footage that we are not publishing: We believe you count on us to maintain standards and consistency in our coverage." CNN also takes the same route, showing images and video before and after Hussein's death, but not the act itself. Most other news networks outside of the Middle East have adopted similar before/after rules.

Hussein's execution is no doubt an event of historic importance. There is no question of the atrocities Saddam committed for decades while in power, and that he was afforded a trial by his peers prior to his execution speaks volumes. There are, however, many other videos of journalistic merit that never gain media coverage, such as the beheading of kidnapped American Nick Berg in 2004, as noted by the Hollywood Reporter.

For many deep-rooted cultural reasons, Iraqis would need to see proof of Hussein's execution. Indeed, many in the Iraqi public did not believe the death of Hussein's sons until the images of their corpses were made public. What reasoning, though, is there for wanting to see Hussein's execution outside of Iraq, what purpose does it serve? Would the global community not believe Saddam was dead otherwise? Doubtful. Saddam was a bad man, who received an execution far more humane than the ones he dealt out... but he was still a man, and a video of someone being killed/executed is quite tasteless no matter what their notoriety.

Where does the line fall once broadcasting/circulating a video of a person's execution becomes 'okay?' If there were a presidential sex of Clinton back in his Lewinsky days, would that become okay to publish? It was after all, a historic event, the perjury of which caused Clinton to be impeached. Surely sex acts aren't more offensive than watching someone die.

The New York Times published a roundup of media coverage for Saddam's execution.

An excerpt:

As the deadline loomed, and commentators filled time with pronouncements like "the clock is ticking on Saddam Hussein," even on-air personalities looked restless. After devoting his entire hour on CNN to the impending hanging, Larry King asked, "Is there something ghoulish about this?" Mr. King looked a little let down when he had to sign off before the execution, promising viewers, "It is really imminent now."

So back to the original question, is it journalism or voyeurism? Apparently it's both.

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{"commentId":454658,"authorDomain":"rachle"}

I am a political science student who cares deeply about world affairs. I may be more interested in this affair as it relates to the US than the average American, but I still represent someone who does not take pleasure in watching Saddam die, but would like to know that the execution was in fact carried out. Until I found this website, I was not aware there was a video depicting it, and I was, like the Iraqi people in the case of Uday and Qusay Hussein, wondering if he was, in fact, dead. There could be serious implications if he was not executed, and he would be a prime candidate for a cover-up. Not that I want to sound like a conspiracy theorist, but because of this ordeal's high profile, I would very much like verification.

{"commentId":454658,"threadId":"64703","contentId":"501494","authorDomain":"rachle"}
  • 1 vote
Reply#26 - Mon Jan 1, 2007 2:25 PM EST
{"commentId":454768,"authorDomain":"zaki"}

if you still have any more doubts, I suggest you start watching Al Jazeera International.

He's definitely dead. Confirmed, and buried.

{"commentId":454768,"threadId":"64703","contentId":"501494","authorDomain":"zaki"}
    #26.1 - Mon Jan 1, 2007 4:12 PM EST
    Reply
    {"commentId":454665,"authorDomain":"christopher"}

    In my opinion the leaked cameraphone version carries as much journalistic merit as the official Iraqi press version. There's a reason the official video had no sound... It was because the audience began to mock Hussein as he walked to the gallows. I've seen the official version described as seeming "almost serene", yet the version with sound paints a much different picture of his last moments - and it's important, at least to me, to get as full an understanding of what actually went on.

    That MSNBC and the like aren't showing the actual moment of execution is a little hypocritical, especially given their usual fare of content (your average high-speed car chase usually ends up with an horrific crash or suchlike, and all that coverage of 9/11 in realtime had footage of many people jumping out of the windows, and showed the moment the towers fell, which depicted thousands of people dieing simultaneously, yet they can't show the moment one person hangs for their crimes? It was a very sanitised death, a little shocking due to the sheer speed in which it was carried out, but then again there's a lot more shocking things shown on television day in day out. A 'viewer advisory: adult content' message before the video's airing (only in the evenings though, after the watershed) would I feel suffice.

    I like to get all the facts, I'm an adult and I'll deal with it myself if I find it a bit troubling to my sensibilities. I'd rather be given the full, unedited story and have something to think about rather than only receive a partial or edited version of the recorded events and think something different (a prime example being that quote from The Guardian newspaper, which I read this morning).

    If it was just a random person who had no journalistic importance relative to current events, I may well think differently (although very little phases me now, having seen nearly all of the seedier, darker sides of the web, and a somewhat regular visitor to rotten.com ogrish.com-now-liveleak.com) - but given the relevance of Saddam Hussein's execution relative to the other events currently filling our media publications, it's important to me to see the full(est) version of events possible. The Internet makes that possible, and I guess the person who took that cameraphone video (and would have placed themselves at risk in doing so, given the gravitas of the event) deserves a fair bit of credit.

    {"commentId":454665,"threadId":"64703","contentId":"501494","authorDomain":"christopher"}
    • 6 votes
    Reply#27 - Mon Jan 1, 2007 2:33 PM EST
    {"commentId":454676,"authorDomain":"brianford"}

    Christopher:

    Very well put, and a strong defense of the content. I have no problem with a person who sees the footage and feels it's an important event. (Not something I happen to agree with personally, but...that doesn't make me right and you wrong.)

    I draw the line (referred to as the "defendable action line") at a person who seeks out the material as a thrill and comes away with a sense of joy and pleasure at the thought (or reality) of having witnessed the death of a human being -- no matter how horrible he was at the role.

    I guess I just feel that it reveals a lot about someone's character if they can watch the video without horribly mixed feelings about what they're viewing.

    {"commentId":454676,"threadId":"64703","contentId":"501494","authorDomain":"brianford"}
    • 2 votes
    #27.1 - Mon Jan 1, 2007 2:40 PM EST
    Reply
    {"commentId":454709,"authorDomain":"rgomes"}

    You are all a bunch of wimps. How come you covered the Twin Towers?? How come you aired the space shuttle breaking up? You news guys make me sick. Maybe that is why I drooped the LA Times. We need a return to good old fashion reporters. The Truth the whole truth and nothing but the truth.

    {"commentId":454709,"threadId":"64703","contentId":"501494","authorDomain":"rgomes"}
    • 2 votes
    Reply#28 - Mon Jan 1, 2007 3:15 PM EST
    {"commentId":454717,"authorDomain":"d-intermut3"}

    As to the execution itself, Sadam got far better than he deserved.

    As to the video, I applaud Netscape for not censoring the video, it's a newsworthy event and it would be sad if internet shock sites became the only way to get peices of news no one else would touch.

    The reason it ought to be shown in the west is that I think it's important for us to confront the realities of the political decisions we, by extension as voters, make. The same reason I disagree with the censorship of combat videos from Iraq and pictures of US casualties. Now, at a time I was a strong supporter of our efforts to dispose Saddam, now I'm not so sure; but any supporter of war should be forced to confront the bloody results of their votes and the actions of their representitives.

    Maybe they think it's still worth it, maybe they think it's not, but allowing the government and news media to whitewash the human cost of war makes it far to easy for us to ignore the fact real people are dying every day in Iraq.

    {"commentId":454717,"threadId":"64703","contentId":"501494","authorDomain":"d-intermut3"}
    • 3 votes
    Reply#29 - Mon Jan 1, 2007 3:22 PM EST
    {"commentId":454739,"authorDomain":"lgtpi"}

    What have our country really gained at seeing someone being put to death? I agree that he did murder many of his own countrymen -- but putting him to death has created many a more uncertainties that our nation will have to come to terms with -- like stabilizing Iraq and the rest of that region. It seems like everything our leaders touch in the name of democracy turns to crap.

    Let's take the money use for war and improve the living conditions of the poor people in America. Better yet, have them pay us with oil for sending our young in the name of democracy.

    {"commentId":454739,"threadId":"64703","contentId":"501494","authorDomain":"lgtpi"}
    • 1 vote
    Reply#30 - Mon Jan 1, 2007 3:41 PM EST
    {"commentId":454885,"authorDomain":"andoghna"}

    The hanging videos, especially the more graphic one, serve as important a purpose outside Iraq as inside. They document an execution in an era when American authorities hide executions from the public as a matter of policy, citing the need to maintain the solemnity and dignity of capital punishment. Unfortunately, there are often obvious ulterior motives for holding executions privately: officials are concerned, rightly, that much of the public will be sickened by the the spectacle, that botched executions will be exposed, and that executioners may appear incompetent. The common practice of closing the curtain over the observation window whenever an execution is noticeably botched (documented numerous times in the United States) is particularly damning. Yet despite the common obstruction of witnesses, capital punishment in the United States is much more transparent than in Japan or Singapore, where, aside from clergy, witnesses are forbidden.

    Rarely can words adequately describe an execution or other act of violence. In the case of Saddam's execution, I have not yet read any account that conveys the event nearly as well as the videos do. Even though Saddam's actual hanging was done about as competently and humanely as possible (his neck snapped immediately), the gruesomeness of the videos is evidence that ought to be considered in any debate about capital punishment. Perhaps it will even bring about significant activism against hanging in Japan, where public support for capital punishment has been very strong for over a decade, and in Singapore, where an authoritarian government does its best to keep its citizens utterly apathetic about the treatment of prisoners. Finally seeing a video of the sort of punishment that their government insists on using, even against foreigners in transit who are caught with drugs, at least a few Singaporeans will probably decide that their government is too quick to bind men and snap their necks.

    The more graphic, unofficial video is also important as evidence that Iraq does not have a trustworthy judiciary. The Iraqi court that tried Saddam used transparently bad jurisprudence and attempted to usurp executive powers by declaring that the president had no real authority in capital cases. Evidence that officials tried to deceive the public about the conditions of the execution does not help their case.

    {"commentId":454885,"threadId":"64703","contentId":"501494","authorDomain":"andoghna"}
    • 1 vote
    Reply#31 - Mon Jan 1, 2007 6:13 PM EST
    {"commentId":454889,"authorDomain":"kchase"}

    I am glad the evil,@!$%# is dead finally.

    {"commentId":454889,"threadId":"64703","contentId":"501494","authorDomain":"kchase"}
    • 1 vote
    Reply#32 - Mon Jan 1, 2007 6:17 PM EST
    {"commentId":454895,"authorDomain":"lw802"}

    Although it is news, I feel that some restrictions should have been placed on it in addition to the warning. Many times the grafic warning is just a come on to insure people will watch more closely, I feel the younger viewers would have been exposed to something too grafic. I worked for 8 years in police work and have seen the violence that poeple can do, I wish that something could be done to help curb the human "hunger" to view the violent nature that is not being curbed.

    {"commentId":454895,"threadId":"64703","contentId":"501494","authorDomain":"lw802"}
    • 1 vote
    Reply#33 - Mon Jan 1, 2007 6:24 PM EST
    {"commentId":454903,"authorDomain":"lw802"}

    Although it is news, I feel that some restrictions should have been placed on it in addition to the warning. Many times the grafic warning is just a come on to insure people will watch more closely. I feel the younger viewers would have been exposed to something too grafic. I worked for 8 years in police work and have seen the violence that people can do. I wish that somethng could be done to help curb the human "hunger" to view the violent nature that is not being curbed

    {"commentId":454903,"threadId":"64703","contentId":"501494","authorDomain":"lw802"}
      Reply#34 - Mon Jan 1, 2007 6:28 PM EST
      {"commentId":455513,"authorDomain":"abenton"}

      As long as we're human, we will have the human instinct to view and create violence.

      {"commentId":455513,"threadId":"64703","contentId":"501494","authorDomain":"abenton"}
      • 1 vote
      #34.1 - Tue Jan 2, 2007 9:48 AM EST
      Reply
      {"commentId":455079,"authorDomain":"tigernews"}

      whoever filmed it with the cellphone did history justice, and they may now be in danger for doing so.

      the iraqis rushed the execution through far too quickly. which is why it looked and sounded like a bunch of terrorists killing a hostage.

      {"commentId":455079,"threadId":"64703","contentId":"501494","authorDomain":"tigernews"}
        Reply#35 - Mon Jan 1, 2007 9:30 PM EST
        {"commentId":455514,"authorDomain":"cozmosattic"}

        I guess for some people, what they view as journalism, is voyeurism. Depending on one's definition, journalism could become synonymous with voyeurism. For me, it does not really matter what "label" is used to describe the information. What is quite disturbing for me is how our society's appetite for sensationalism in every conceivable aspect of our lives has become paramount.

        I agree with you that Saddam was after all, a human being. The fact that he led a despicable and sadistic life is indisputable, but to legitimize killing him as a socially and morally acceptable act only exemplifies our own pathetic disregard for humanity. I do not believe in capital punishment, whatever the circumstance. How can anyone set themselves up as judge and jury and justify taking another human's life? Killing someone does not rectify the offense nor does it change anything. A judicial system of punishment by death does not resolve the core issues of violent behavior nor does it stabilize our society. Just look at our prisons and the ever-growing population. Statistics tell us what little we have learned about punishment as a determent to crime.

        Your observation on whether making or watching a death video can be considered thorough journalism or perhaps relevant public news, brings me to the rationale of uncensored media spots such as "You Tube". Their success is undeniable. The audience and participants, in numbers alone, are breath taking. People simply want to see and experience "more" of everything in an arena of extremes. They want and expect a theater of events that are more sexually and emotionally intimate. They are wildly amused by anything humiliating or socially unacceptable. Moreover, let's not forget the insatiable desire and fanaticism for graphic violence in today's interactive video games, of which one's imagination is the only boundary.

        I can appreciate one's curiosity and the excitement of exploration into the unknown, but this new intensity for the unexpected, and the propensity toward extraordinary extremes, brings with it a certain depravity that will assuredly have an adverse influence on the most fundamental elements of our human spirit and social conscience.

        {"commentId":455514,"threadId":"64703","contentId":"501494","authorDomain":"cozmosattic"}
        • 2 votes
        Reply#36 - Tue Jan 2, 2007 9:49 AM EST
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